Writing in June 1798 in the Gazette of the United States, Alexander Hamilton called the Jeffersonians “more Frenchmen than Americans” and claimed that they were prepared “to immolate the independence and welfare of their country at the shrine of France.”įears of an imminent French invasion led the Adams administration to begin war preparations and pass a new land tax to pay for them. ![]() documents as X, Y and Z-demanded a $250,000 bribe, as well as a loan of $10 million, before talks could begin.Īfter the Americans refused, word of the so-called XYZ Affair spread at home, sparking outrage and calls for war against France.Īmid mounting tensions, Federalists accused the Democratic-Republican Party of being in league with France against their own country’s government. Instead, three French representatives-referred to in official U.S. Soon after Adams took office, he sent a three-member delegation to Paris to meet with the foreign minister, Charles Talleyrand. In 1794, the Federalist administration of George Washington signed the Jay Treaty with Britain, greatly improving Anglo-American relations but angering the French (who were then at war with Britain). The two parties also diverged dramatically over issues of foreign policy. The Democratic-Republican Party (forerunner to today’s Democratic Party) wanted to reserve more power to state governments and accused the Federalists of leaning more towards a monarchical style of government. In opposition to the Federalists stood the Democratic-Republican Party, also known as Jeffersonians for their ideological leader, Thomas Jefferson. The Federalist Party, which supported a strong central government, had largely dominated politics in the new nation before 1796, when John Adams won election as the second U.S.
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